جدیدترین مطالب

Implications of the ICC’s Arrest Warrant for Myanmar’s Leader

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Myanmar’s military leader, Min Aung Hlaing, is facing charges of committing crimes against humanity for the killing and persecution of Rohingya Muslims. The crimes, which affected more than a million people in Myanmar, took place between August and December 2017. During this period, the Myanmar military launched an operation called “clearance” under the pretext of fighting armed groups that led to the genocide of Muslims in Rakhine State in western Myanmar. This operation was accompanied by the widespread killing of more than 200,000 Rohingya Muslims and the displacement of about 700,000 people. The International Criminal Court has identified these actions as examples of genocide and crimes against humanity.

Ukrainian War and the Widening East-West Divide

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: A proxy war is when two countries fight each other indirectly by supporting the warring parties. Classic examples from the Cold War era include the Congo crisis in the 1960s and the Angola crisis in the 1970s when the Soviet Union and the United States supported each of the warring sides in a civil war with money, weapons, and sometimes soldiers, but never directly engaged in the war themselves. Accordingly, the approach of the United States and Europe, in the form of NATO and their all-out support for Ukraine, has all the hallmarks of a proxy war against Russia.

Turkey’s Policy Towards Trade Relations with the Zionist Regime

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: Recently, the Turkish Minister of Commerce confirmed that Turkish customs have been completely closed to trade with the Zionist Regime. This news was met with many comments and questions, and one of the most important questions was why Turkey decided to take such a step, how serious it is in practice, and what will be its consequences on the relations between the parties.

Analysis: The Reasons for Accepting the Ceasefire in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Finally, after about two months of the Zionist regime’s war against Lebanon and in a situation where the war on the Lebanese front had intensified to an unprecedented extent in the days leading up to the ceasefire, the Zionist regime agreed to truce.

An Analysis on Trump’s Possible Foreign Policy Approach

Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on American affairs said: Although, during Donald Trump’s presidency, the approach to the Chinese threat will be the first issue of American foreign policy, the American public will not support the government in a full-scale economic war with China.

Terrorist Attack in Syria; Scheme to Open a New Front Against the Resistance Axis

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on regional issues considered the terrorist attack on the city of Idlib at the beginning of the winter season a “surprise” move and said: “Basically, an attack at this time of the year is out of the question because fighters usually do not choose the cold and winter seasons for military operations. There is no other reason why and how they took military action and advanced towards the city of Idlib and then Aleppo in a surprising way except that it is related to regional issues and the Israeli regime’s war in Lebanon and Gaza.”

Analysis of the Roots and Prospects of the Conflict in Aleppo, Syria

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After several years of calm and immediately after the ceasefire agreement in Lebanon, the Syrian city of Aleppo has become the scene of clashes between opposition and armed groups led by Tahrir al-Sham (formerly Jabhat al-Nusra) and the Syrian army and government.

Iran-Saudi Balanced Approach to Reviving Relations

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The second round of the Iran-Saudi-China trilateral meeting, hosted by Riyadh, signals the development of relations in an atmosphere of increasing regional and international tensions and uncertainties. The meeting also confirmed China’s role beyond facilitating the revived relations between Tehran and Riyadh and related to China’s political economy perspective in the Middle East, which has significant implications for the Beijing-Washington macro-rivalry.

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Kourosh Ahmadi

An Analysis on Importance & Status of Measures Taken by the Hague Court Regarding the Gaza War

An Analysis on Importance & Status of Measures Taken by the Hague Court Regarding the Gaza War

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A former Iranian diplomat says The Court of Justice at the Hauge adopted new measures in early April, according to which the Zionist regime “given the worsening conditions of life faced by Palestinians in Gaza, in particular, the spread of famine and starvation,” shall take “all necessary and effective measures to ensure, without delay, in full cooperation with the United Nations, the unhindered provision at scale by all concerned of urgently needed basic services and humanitarian assistance to Palestinians throughout Gaza.”

The JCPOA and the political and legal defeat of the US in the Security Council

The JCPOA and the political and legal defeat of the US in the Security Council

Online Strategic Council-interview: An expert of international relations, while explaining various aspects of the new US letter to the UN to re-impose sanctions against Iran, said “it is surprising that this letter has been send to the UN totally irrespective of the reaction by the international community including the opposition of 13 of the Security Council members.”

Importance of JCPOA Joint Commission and Opposition to US Anti-JCPOA Efforts

Importance of JCPOA Joint Commission and Opposition to US Anti-JCPOA Efforts

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst, referring to the features of the final statement of the meeting of the JCPOA Joint Commission, said: Holding this meeting in these circumstances, as well as issuing a statement expressing the alignment of the members, was a positive step towards maintaining the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action order and the international community’s opposition to US actions.

Dimensions of US Failure in UNSC and Leading Scenarios

Dimensions of US Failure in UNSC and Leading Scenarios

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst called the US failure to get the UN Security Council adopt an anti-Iran resolution one of the most obvious signs of the Trump administration’s political isolation in the international community. He considered this US move at the Security Council a tactical measure to open the way to resort to the “trigger mechanism”.

Reasons for UNSC “Stop the Conflict” Resolution Ineffectiveness

Reasons for UNSC “Stop the Conflict” Resolution Ineffectiveness

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs expert said that the resolution to end the conflict in the context of the corona outbreak, like most Security Council resolutions, does not provide an executive guarantee, adding that UNSC members often have conflicting political stances and it is very difficult to agree on a text. At the same time there is not strong political resolve to implement these interpretive texts.

Trump’s Disregard for Int’l Efforts to Lift Iran Sanctions

Trump’s Disregard for Int’l Efforts to Lift Iran Sanctions

Strategic Council Online: “Despite international efforts to lift unilateral sanctions against Iran under the coronavirus crisis, unfortunately, there are no signs of a change in US policy,” said an analyst of international affairs. He added that the IRI Ministry of Foreign Affairs has made great and successful efforts to this end but the pressure must be much greater to be effective and leave an impact on the Trump team.

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Implications of the ICC’s Arrest Warrant for Myanmar’s Leader

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Myanmar’s military leader, Min Aung Hlaing, is facing charges of committing crimes against humanity for the killing and persecution of Rohingya Muslims. The crimes, which affected more than a million people in Myanmar, took place between August and December 2017. During this period, the Myanmar military launched an operation called “clearance” under the pretext of fighting armed groups that led to the genocide of Muslims in Rakhine State in western Myanmar. This operation was accompanied by the widespread killing of more than 200,000 Rohingya Muslims and the displacement of about 700,000 people. The International Criminal Court has identified these actions as examples of genocide and crimes against humanity.

Ukrainian War and the Widening East-West Divide

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: A proxy war is when two countries fight each other indirectly by supporting the warring parties. Classic examples from the Cold War era include the Congo crisis in the 1960s and the Angola crisis in the 1970s when the Soviet Union and the United States supported each of the warring sides in a civil war with money, weapons, and sometimes soldiers, but never directly engaged in the war themselves. Accordingly, the approach of the United States and Europe, in the form of NATO and their all-out support for Ukraine, has all the hallmarks of a proxy war against Russia.

Turkey’s Policy Towards Trade Relations with the Zionist Regime

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: Recently, the Turkish Minister of Commerce confirmed that Turkish customs have been completely closed to trade with the Zionist Regime. This news was met with many comments and questions, and one of the most important questions was why Turkey decided to take such a step, how serious it is in practice, and what will be its consequences on the relations between the parties.

Analysis: The Reasons for Accepting the Ceasefire in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Finally, after about two months of the Zionist regime’s war against Lebanon and in a situation where the war on the Lebanese front had intensified to an unprecedented extent in the days leading up to the ceasefire, the Zionist regime agreed to truce.

An Analysis on Trump’s Possible Foreign Policy Approach

Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on American affairs said: Although, during Donald Trump’s presidency, the approach to the Chinese threat will be the first issue of American foreign policy, the American public will not support the government in a full-scale economic war with China.

Terrorist Attack in Syria; Scheme to Open a New Front Against the Resistance Axis

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on regional issues considered the terrorist attack on the city of Idlib at the beginning of the winter season a “surprise” move and said: “Basically, an attack at this time of the year is out of the question because fighters usually do not choose the cold and winter seasons for military operations. There is no other reason why and how they took military action and advanced towards the city of Idlib and then Aleppo in a surprising way except that it is related to regional issues and the Israeli regime’s war in Lebanon and Gaza.”

Analysis of the Roots and Prospects of the Conflict in Aleppo, Syria

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After several years of calm and immediately after the ceasefire agreement in Lebanon, the Syrian city of Aleppo has become the scene of clashes between opposition and armed groups led by Tahrir al-Sham (formerly Jabhat al-Nusra) and the Syrian army and government.

Iran-Saudi Balanced Approach to Reviving Relations

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The second round of the Iran-Saudi-China trilateral meeting, hosted by Riyadh, signals the development of relations in an atmosphere of increasing regional and international tensions and uncertainties. The meeting also confirmed China’s role beyond facilitating the revived relations between Tehran and Riyadh and related to China’s political economy perspective in the Middle East, which has significant implications for the Beijing-Washington macro-rivalry.

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Kourosh Ahmadi

An Analysis on Importance & Status of Measures Taken by the Hague Court Regarding the Gaza War

An Analysis on Importance & Status of Measures Taken by the Hague Court Regarding the Gaza War

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A former Iranian diplomat says The Court of Justice at the Hauge adopted new measures in early April, according to which the Zionist regime “given the worsening conditions of life faced by Palestinians in Gaza, in particular, the spread of famine and starvation,” shall take “all necessary and effective measures to ensure, without delay, in full cooperation with the United Nations, the unhindered provision at scale by all concerned of urgently needed basic services and humanitarian assistance to Palestinians throughout Gaza.”

The JCPOA and the political and legal defeat of the US in the Security Council

The JCPOA and the political and legal defeat of the US in the Security Council

Online Strategic Council-interview: An expert of international relations, while explaining various aspects of the new US letter to the UN to re-impose sanctions against Iran, said “it is surprising that this letter has been send to the UN totally irrespective of the reaction by the international community including the opposition of 13 of the Security Council members.”

Importance of JCPOA Joint Commission and Opposition to US Anti-JCPOA Efforts

Importance of JCPOA Joint Commission and Opposition to US Anti-JCPOA Efforts

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst, referring to the features of the final statement of the meeting of the JCPOA Joint Commission, said: Holding this meeting in these circumstances, as well as issuing a statement expressing the alignment of the members, was a positive step towards maintaining the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action order and the international community’s opposition to US actions.

Dimensions of US Failure in UNSC and Leading Scenarios

Dimensions of US Failure in UNSC and Leading Scenarios

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst called the US failure to get the UN Security Council adopt an anti-Iran resolution one of the most obvious signs of the Trump administration’s political isolation in the international community. He considered this US move at the Security Council a tactical measure to open the way to resort to the “trigger mechanism”.

Reasons for UNSC “Stop the Conflict” Resolution Ineffectiveness

Reasons for UNSC “Stop the Conflict” Resolution Ineffectiveness

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs expert said that the resolution to end the conflict in the context of the corona outbreak, like most Security Council resolutions, does not provide an executive guarantee, adding that UNSC members often have conflicting political stances and it is very difficult to agree on a text. At the same time there is not strong political resolve to implement these interpretive texts.

Trump’s Disregard for Int’l Efforts to Lift Iran Sanctions

Trump’s Disregard for Int’l Efforts to Lift Iran Sanctions

Strategic Council Online: “Despite international efforts to lift unilateral sanctions against Iran under the coronavirus crisis, unfortunately, there are no signs of a change in US policy,” said an analyst of international affairs. He added that the IRI Ministry of Foreign Affairs has made great and successful efforts to this end but the pressure must be much greater to be effective and leave an impact on the Trump team.

Kourosh Ahmadi

An Analysis on Importance & Status of Measures Taken by the Hague Court Regarding the Gaza War

An Analysis on Importance & Status of Measures Taken by the Hague Court Regarding the Gaza War

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A former Iranian diplomat says The Court of Justice at the Hauge adopted new measures in early April, according to which the Zionist regime “given the worsening conditions of life faced by Palestinians in Gaza, in particular, the spread of famine and starvation,” shall take “all necessary and effective measures to ensure, without delay, in full cooperation with the United Nations, the unhindered provision at scale by all concerned of urgently needed basic services and humanitarian assistance to Palestinians throughout Gaza.”

The JCPOA and the political and legal defeat of the US in the Security Council

The JCPOA and the political and legal defeat of the US in the Security Council

Online Strategic Council-interview: An expert of international relations, while explaining various aspects of the new US letter to the UN to re-impose sanctions against Iran, said “it is surprising that this letter has been send to the UN totally irrespective of the reaction by the international community including the opposition of 13 of the Security Council members.”

Importance of JCPOA Joint Commission and Opposition to US Anti-JCPOA Efforts

Importance of JCPOA Joint Commission and Opposition to US Anti-JCPOA Efforts

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst, referring to the features of the final statement of the meeting of the JCPOA Joint Commission, said: Holding this meeting in these circumstances, as well as issuing a statement expressing the alignment of the members, was a positive step towards maintaining the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action order and the international community’s opposition to US actions.

Dimensions of US Failure in UNSC and Leading Scenarios

Dimensions of US Failure in UNSC and Leading Scenarios

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst called the US failure to get the UN Security Council adopt an anti-Iran resolution one of the most obvious signs of the Trump administration’s political isolation in the international community. He considered this US move at the Security Council a tactical measure to open the way to resort to the “trigger mechanism”.

Reasons for UNSC “Stop the Conflict” Resolution Ineffectiveness

Reasons for UNSC “Stop the Conflict” Resolution Ineffectiveness

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs expert said that the resolution to end the conflict in the context of the corona outbreak, like most Security Council resolutions, does not provide an executive guarantee, adding that UNSC members often have conflicting political stances and it is very difficult to agree on a text. At the same time there is not strong political resolve to implement these interpretive texts.

Trump’s Disregard for Int’l Efforts to Lift Iran Sanctions

Trump’s Disregard for Int’l Efforts to Lift Iran Sanctions

Strategic Council Online: “Despite international efforts to lift unilateral sanctions against Iran under the coronavirus crisis, unfortunately, there are no signs of a change in US policy,” said an analyst of international affairs. He added that the IRI Ministry of Foreign Affairs has made great and successful efforts to this end but the pressure must be much greater to be effective and leave an impact on the Trump team.

LATEST CONTENT

Implications of the ICC’s Arrest Warrant for Myanmar’s Leader

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Myanmar’s military leader, Min Aung Hlaing, is facing charges of committing crimes against humanity for the killing and persecution of Rohingya Muslims. The crimes, which affected more than a million people in Myanmar, took place between August and December 2017. During this period, the Myanmar military launched an operation called “clearance” under the pretext of fighting armed groups that led to the genocide of Muslims in Rakhine State in western Myanmar. This operation was accompanied by the widespread killing of more than 200,000 Rohingya Muslims and the displacement of about 700,000 people. The International Criminal Court has identified these actions as examples of genocide and crimes against humanity.

Ukrainian War and the Widening East-West Divide

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: A proxy war is when two countries fight each other indirectly by supporting the warring parties. Classic examples from the Cold War era include the Congo crisis in the 1960s and the Angola crisis in the 1970s when the Soviet Union and the United States supported each of the warring sides in a civil war with money, weapons, and sometimes soldiers, but never directly engaged in the war themselves. Accordingly, the approach of the United States and Europe, in the form of NATO and their all-out support for Ukraine, has all the hallmarks of a proxy war against Russia.

Turkey’s Policy Towards Trade Relations with the Zionist Regime

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: Recently, the Turkish Minister of Commerce confirmed that Turkish customs have been completely closed to trade with the Zionist Regime. This news was met with many comments and questions, and one of the most important questions was why Turkey decided to take such a step, how serious it is in practice, and what will be its consequences on the relations between the parties.

Analysis: The Reasons for Accepting the Ceasefire in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Finally, after about two months of the Zionist regime’s war against Lebanon and in a situation where the war on the Lebanese front had intensified to an unprecedented extent in the days leading up to the ceasefire, the Zionist regime agreed to truce.

An Analysis on Trump’s Possible Foreign Policy Approach

Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on American affairs said: Although, during Donald Trump’s presidency, the approach to the Chinese threat will be the first issue of American foreign policy, the American public will not support the government in a full-scale economic war with China.

Terrorist Attack in Syria; Scheme to Open a New Front Against the Resistance Axis

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on regional issues considered the terrorist attack on the city of Idlib at the beginning of the winter season a “surprise” move and said: “Basically, an attack at this time of the year is out of the question because fighters usually do not choose the cold and winter seasons for military operations. There is no other reason why and how they took military action and advanced towards the city of Idlib and then Aleppo in a surprising way except that it is related to regional issues and the Israeli regime’s war in Lebanon and Gaza.”

Analysis of the Roots and Prospects of the Conflict in Aleppo, Syria

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After several years of calm and immediately after the ceasefire agreement in Lebanon, the Syrian city of Aleppo has become the scene of clashes between opposition and armed groups led by Tahrir al-Sham (formerly Jabhat al-Nusra) and the Syrian army and government.

Iran-Saudi Balanced Approach to Reviving Relations

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The second round of the Iran-Saudi-China trilateral meeting, hosted by Riyadh, signals the development of relations in an atmosphere of increasing regional and international tensions and uncertainties. The meeting also confirmed China’s role beyond facilitating the revived relations between Tehran and Riyadh and related to China’s political economy perspective in the Middle East, which has significant implications for the Beijing-Washington macro-rivalry.

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Kourosh Ahmadi

An Analysis on Importance & Status of Measures Taken by the Hague Court Regarding the Gaza War

An Analysis on Importance & Status of Measures Taken by the Hague Court Regarding the Gaza War

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A former Iranian diplomat says The Court of Justice at the Hauge adopted new measures in early April, according to which the Zionist regime “given the worsening conditions of life faced by Palestinians in Gaza, in particular, the spread of famine and starvation,” shall take “all necessary and effective measures to ensure, without delay, in full cooperation with the United Nations, the unhindered provision at scale by all concerned of urgently needed basic services and humanitarian assistance to Palestinians throughout Gaza.”

The JCPOA and the political and legal defeat of the US in the Security Council

The JCPOA and the political and legal defeat of the US in the Security Council

Online Strategic Council-interview: An expert of international relations, while explaining various aspects of the new US letter to the UN to re-impose sanctions against Iran, said “it is surprising that this letter has been send to the UN totally irrespective of the reaction by the international community including the opposition of 13 of the Security Council members.”

Importance of JCPOA Joint Commission and Opposition to US Anti-JCPOA Efforts

Importance of JCPOA Joint Commission and Opposition to US Anti-JCPOA Efforts

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst, referring to the features of the final statement of the meeting of the JCPOA Joint Commission, said: Holding this meeting in these circumstances, as well as issuing a statement expressing the alignment of the members, was a positive step towards maintaining the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action order and the international community’s opposition to US actions.

Dimensions of US Failure in UNSC and Leading Scenarios

Dimensions of US Failure in UNSC and Leading Scenarios

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst called the US failure to get the UN Security Council adopt an anti-Iran resolution one of the most obvious signs of the Trump administration’s political isolation in the international community. He considered this US move at the Security Council a tactical measure to open the way to resort to the “trigger mechanism”.

Reasons for UNSC “Stop the Conflict” Resolution Ineffectiveness

Reasons for UNSC “Stop the Conflict” Resolution Ineffectiveness

Strategic Council Online – An international affairs expert said that the resolution to end the conflict in the context of the corona outbreak, like most Security Council resolutions, does not provide an executive guarantee, adding that UNSC members often have conflicting political stances and it is very difficult to agree on a text. At the same time there is not strong political resolve to implement these interpretive texts.

Trump’s Disregard for Int’l Efforts to Lift Iran Sanctions

Trump’s Disregard for Int’l Efforts to Lift Iran Sanctions

Strategic Council Online: “Despite international efforts to lift unilateral sanctions against Iran under the coronavirus crisis, unfortunately, there are no signs of a change in US policy,” said an analyst of international affairs. He added that the IRI Ministry of Foreign Affairs has made great and successful efforts to this end but the pressure must be much greater to be effective and leave an impact on the Trump team.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

Implications of the ICC’s Arrest Warrant for Myanmar’s Leader

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Myanmar’s military leader, Min Aung Hlaing, is facing charges of committing crimes against humanity for the killing and persecution of Rohingya Muslims. The crimes, which affected more than a million people in Myanmar, took place between August and December 2017. During this period, the Myanmar military launched an operation called “clearance” under the pretext of fighting armed groups that led to the genocide of Muslims in Rakhine State in western Myanmar. This operation was accompanied by the widespread killing of more than 200,000 Rohingya Muslims and the displacement of about 700,000 people. The International Criminal Court has identified these actions as examples of genocide and crimes against humanity.

Ukrainian War and the Widening East-West Divide

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: A proxy war is when two countries fight each other indirectly by supporting the warring parties. Classic examples from the Cold War era include the Congo crisis in the 1960s and the Angola crisis in the 1970s when the Soviet Union and the United States supported each of the warring sides in a civil war with money, weapons, and sometimes soldiers, but never directly engaged in the war themselves. Accordingly, the approach of the United States and Europe, in the form of NATO and their all-out support for Ukraine, has all the hallmarks of a proxy war against Russia.

Turkey’s Policy Towards Trade Relations with the Zionist Regime

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: Recently, the Turkish Minister of Commerce confirmed that Turkish customs have been completely closed to trade with the Zionist Regime. This news was met with many comments and questions, and one of the most important questions was why Turkey decided to take such a step, how serious it is in practice, and what will be its consequences on the relations between the parties.

Analysis: The Reasons for Accepting the Ceasefire in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Finally, after about two months of the Zionist regime’s war against Lebanon and in a situation where the war on the Lebanese front had intensified to an unprecedented extent in the days leading up to the ceasefire, the Zionist regime agreed to truce.

An Analysis on Trump’s Possible Foreign Policy Approach

Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on American affairs said: Although, during Donald Trump’s presidency, the approach to the Chinese threat will be the first issue of American foreign policy, the American public will not support the government in a full-scale economic war with China.

Terrorist Attack in Syria; Scheme to Open a New Front Against the Resistance Axis

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on regional issues considered the terrorist attack on the city of Idlib at the beginning of the winter season a “surprise” move and said: “Basically, an attack at this time of the year is out of the question because fighters usually do not choose the cold and winter seasons for military operations. There is no other reason why and how they took military action and advanced towards the city of Idlib and then Aleppo in a surprising way except that it is related to regional issues and the Israeli regime’s war in Lebanon and Gaza.”

Analysis of the Roots and Prospects of the Conflict in Aleppo, Syria

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After several years of calm and immediately after the ceasefire agreement in Lebanon, the Syrian city of Aleppo has become the scene of clashes between opposition and armed groups led by Tahrir al-Sham (formerly Jabhat al-Nusra) and the Syrian army and government.

Iran-Saudi Balanced Approach to Reviving Relations

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The second round of the Iran-Saudi-China trilateral meeting, hosted by Riyadh, signals the development of relations in an atmosphere of increasing regional and international tensions and uncertainties. The meeting also confirmed China’s role beyond facilitating the revived relations between Tehran and Riyadh and related to China’s political economy perspective in the Middle East, which has significant implications for the Beijing-Washington macro-rivalry.

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